12. TYPOGRAPHIC EMPHASIS

TURRECREMATA (Torquemada), Johannes de (1388-1468). Expositio super toto psalterio. Mainz: Peter Schoeffer, 11 September 1474.

This book represents a new phase in Schoeffer’s printing career, one in which he began to use purely typographical solutions instead of special colored initials or rubrication for the articulation of the text page. Composed directly from a copy of Ulrich Han’s first edition, printed in Rome in 1470, Schoeffer’s fourth edition sets off the words of each psalm dramatically in the small Psalter type of 1457, while the texts of the expositions are in the text type of the 1462 Bible. Schoeffer also copied Han’s small versal initials, here printed in black along with everything else.

A popular exposition on the Christian significance of the Psalter, this work was composed by the Spanish theologian Johannes de Turrecremata, the uncle of the Spanish Grand Inquisitor, Tomás de Torquemada. Turrecremata entered the Dominican Order in 1403 and became prior of the Dominican houses at Valladolid and Toledo. He attended the Councils of Constance in 1417 and Basel in 1433 and was made a Cardinal in 1439.

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Introduction 7. Aquinas 1467 8. Catholicon

9. Marchesinus 1470 10. Aquinas 1471 11. Augustine 1473

13. Bernard of Clairvaux 1475 14. Paulus de Sancta Maria 1478